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| Fact Sheet Title Fact Sheet |
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| European hake - Northern Alboran Sea, Balearic islands, Northern Spain, Gulf of Lion |
 | Merluccius merluccius - Northern Alboran Sea, Balearic islands, Northern Spain, Gulf of Lion (GSAs 1, 5, 6, 7) |
| | Data Ownership | | This document provided, maintained and owned by General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean (GFCM) , is part of GFCM Stock Status Reports data collection. |
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Monitoring Range Min2019. | ident Block | ident Block | | | | Species List: | | Species Ref: en - European hake, fr - Merlu européen, es - Merluza europea, ru - Мерлуза восточноатлантическая |
Fishery IndicatorsProduction: Catch |
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| ident Block European hake - Northern Alboran Sea, Balearic islands, Northern Spain, Gulf of Lion
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| gfcm Sub Area |
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| 1 | Northern Alboran Sea |
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| 5 | Balearic Islands |
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| 6 | Northern Spain |
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| 7 | Gulf of Lion |
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| Aq Res | Biological Stock: No
Value: Sub-Regional
Reference year: 2019 |
| Considered a management unit: An aquatic resource or fishery is
declared as [Fishery] Management Unit if it is
effectively the focus for the application of selected
management methods and measures, within the broader
framework of a management system. According to the FAO
Glossary for Responsible Fishing, "a Fishery Management
Unit (FMU) is a fishery or a portion of a fishery
identified in a Fishery Management Plan (FMP) relevant
to the FMP's management objectives." FMU's may be
organised around fisheries biological, geographic,
economic, technical, social or ecological dimensions ,
and the makeup and attribute of a fishery management
unit depends mainly on the FMP's management
objectives. |
| Jurisdictional distribution: Jurisdictional qualifier (e.g.
"shared", "shared - highly migratory") of the aquatic
resource related with its spatial distribution. |
| Environmental group: Classification of the aquatic
resource according to the environmental group (e.g.
pelagic invertebrate, or demersal fish) to which the
species belong. |
| Reference Year: The Reference Year is the last year considered in the stock assessment and/or fishery status. |
| | | | | | Aq Res State Trend In overexploitation. [The GFCM methodology to provide stock status and management advice is described in the Appendix F of the Sixteenth Session of the Scientific Advisory Committee Report. See the Bibliography section.] Habitat Bio Climatic Zone: Temperate. Bottom Type: Soft bottom; Hard bottom. Depth Zone: Shelf (50 m - 200 m); Slope (200 m - 1000 m). Horizontal Dist: Neritic. Vertical Dist: Demersal/Benthic. Water Area Overview Spatial Scale: Sub-Regional Water Area Overview  | | Water Area Overview European hake - Northern Alboran Sea, Balearic islands, Northern Spain, Gulf of Lion
| gfcm Sub Area | 1: Northern Alboran Sea | | 5: Balearic Islands | | 6: Northern Spain | | 7: Gulf of Lion |
| | | | | | Water Area Overview
| fao Div | 37.1.1: Balearic | | 37.1.2: Gulf of Lion |
| | | | | | Water Area Overview |
Water Area OverviewEuropean hake - Northern Alboran Sea, Balearic islands, Northern Spain, Gulf of Lion Aq Res Struct Biological Stock: No Stock assessment in the GFCM area of application is often conducted by management units, based on GSAs. This method does not ensure that the whole stock is assessed, since stocks may cover several different management units. In some cases, when there is scientific evidence of a stock spreading through different GSAs, as well as information on species from different GSAs, existing information is combined across GSAs. This is then defined as a “joint stock assessment of a shared stock”. The GFCM recommends that when scientific evidence of shared stocks exists, joint stock assessments should be attempted. A number of activities aimed at achieving a better definition of stock boundaries are currently being conducted at the GFCM level. [The State of Mediterranean and Black Sea Fisheries, 2016] Exploit European hake is largely exploited in GSAs 1 and 6, mainly by trawlers on the shelf and slope, but also by small-scale fisheries using longlines, gillnets and trammel nets. In GSA 5, European hake catches come exclusively from bottom trawlers. They show important oscillations along the data series, between 50 tonnes and 200 tonnes. In the Gulf of Lion (GSA 7), European hake is exploited by French trawlers, French gillnetters, Spanish trawlers and Spanish longliners. Fishery Indicators | Type | Measure | Value | Unit | Time period |
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| Production | Catch | 4 271 | tonnes | 2007 | | Catch | 6 125 | tonnes | 2008 | | Catch | 7 286 | tonnes | 2009 | | Catch | 6 228 | tonnes | 2010 | | Catch | 4 808 | tonnes | 2011 | | Catch | 4 317 | tonnes | 2012 | | Catch | 4 682 | tonnes | 2013 | | Catch | 4 103 | tonnes | 2014 | | Catch | 3 115 | tonnes | 2015 | | Catch | 2 643 | tonnes | 2016 | | Catch | 2 824 | tonnes | 2017 | | Catch | 3 217 | tonnes | 2018 | | Catch | 3 148 | tonnes | 2019 |
Bio Assess Data The assessment was carried out in terms of time between 2007 and 2018 as survey indices data were available only from 2007 for GSA 5 (Balearic Islands). A vailable catch numbers at length and index number at length were sliced using the a4a age slicing routine in the fisheries library based in R (FLR) (l2a). The analyses were carried out for ages 0 to 5+. According to the resulting selection pattern, age classes 1-3 were chosen to compute the current level of fishing mortality. All data were taken from 2020 European Union data collection framework (DCF) data call. Assess Models Type: Age-structured a4a The assessment of European Hake carried out during the STECF expert working group 19-10 and presented during the GFCM benchmark considering the stock shared by GSAs 1, 5, 6 and 7. According to the a4a method (Jardim et al., 2015), SCAA was used. The a4a method utilizes catch at age data to derive estimates of historical population size and fishing mortality. Results Based on the a4a results, the European hake SSB show s a decreasing trend from 2009 to 2016, with a slight increase in the last two years. The assessment shows a decreasing trend in the number of recruits in the time series. Fbar (1-3) shows a quite stable trend in the time series from 2010 although increasing in 2018. Sci Advice Reduce fishing mortality. Partial Fs and STF available. Sources FAO. 2021. General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean (GFCM). Report of the twenty-second session of the Scientific Advisory Committee on Fisheries, online, 22–25 June 2021. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Report No. 1347. Rome.  https://www.fao.org/3/cb7622en/cb7622en.pdfReport of the Working Group on Stock Assessment of Demersal Species (WGSAD). Online, 18–23 January 2021.  https://www.fao.org/gfcm/technical-meetings/detail/en/c/1412431/ Bibliography FAO. 2020. The State of Mediterranean and Black Sea Fisheries 2020. General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean. Rome. https://www.fao.org/3/cb2427en/cb2427en.pdfFAO. 2016. The State of Mediterranean and Black Sea Fisheries. General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean. Rome, Italy. https://www.fao.org/3/i5496e/i5496e.pdfFAO General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean/Commission générale des pêches pour la Méditerranée. Report of the sixteenth session of the Scientific Advisory Committee. St. Julian’s, Malta, 17–20 March 2014/Rapport de la seizième session du Comité scientifique consultatif. Saint Julien, Malte, Malte, 17-20 mars 2014. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Report/FAO Rapport sur les pêches et l’aquaculture. No. R1102. Rome. 2015. 250 pp. https://www.fao.org/3/i4381b/i4381b.pdfGeneral Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean (GFCM) Stock Assessment Results (STAR). https://www.fao.org/gfcm/data/star/en/ |
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