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Northeast Atlantic Norwegian spring spawning herring fisheries
Fishery  Fact Sheet
Management report 2021
Northeast Atlantic Norwegian spring spawning herring fisheries
Fact Sheet Citation  
Atlanto-Scandian (Norwegian Spring Spawning) herring
Owned byNorth-East Atlantic Fisheries Commission (NEAFC) – more>>

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Overview: The main pelagic stocks in the NEAFC Regulatory Area are exploited by large trawlers-purse seiners from all the Contracting Parties of NEAFC. The fleets move with the season between the three main stocks and the waters under national jurisdiction and the Regulatory Area. Consultations on conservation and management are held by the relevant coastal States for areas under national jurisdiction and by NEAFC for the high seas. Conservation and management measures adopted by NEAFC take account of any coastal State agreement. Scientific advice is provided by ICES. NEAFC is not involved in any scientific work. The NEAFC Contracting Parties have stressed that they consider it important to maintain a “clear separation between the scientific role of ICES and the policy and management role of NEAFC” (see report of the 2015 Extraordinary Meeting of NEAFC http://www.neafc.org/system/files/EM-2015-Report-final.pdf). This NEAFC fact sheet will therefore not comment on scientific work or scientific assessments. The ICES advice on which the latest NEAFC conservation and management measures (2021) will be based on can be found on the ICES website (http://ices.dk/sites/pub/Publication%20Reports/Advice/2020/2020/her.27.1-24a514a.pdf). This advice followed a NEAFC request concerning the long-term management strategy for Norwegian spring-spawning herring in the Northeast Atlantic (http://www.ices.dk/sites/pub/Publication Reports/Advice/2018/Special_requests/neafc.2018.17.pdf). In recent years, there have been difficulties in reaching an agreement on allocation among the coastal States, and thereby on allocation among the NEAFC Contracting Parties. This has resulted in conservation and management measures not being comprehensive. There has normally been agreement on the level of total allowable catches but not on the sharing arrangements for allocating the catches among the parties.

Location of Northeast Atlantic Norwegian spring spawning herring fisheries
 

Geographic reference:  Northeast Atlantic
Spatial Scale: Regional
Reference year: 2021
Approach: Fishery Management Unit

Jurisdictional framework
Management Body/Authority(ies): North-East Atlantic Fisheries Commission (NEAFC)
Mandate: Management; Monitoring;
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Area of Competence: NEAFC Convention Area
Maritime Area: High seas

Harvested Resource
Target Species: Atlantic herring
Fishery Area: Northeast Atlantic; Norwegian Sea …; Spitzbergen …; Iceland Grounds …; Faroe Plateau …;
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Harvested Resource
Type of production system: Industrial   

Fishery Area
Vertical distribution: Pelagic.  

Geo References for: Northeast Atlantic
Fleet segment
Flag State
Faroe Islands
Greenland
European Union
Iceland
Norway
Russian Federation
United Kingdom

The main pelagic stocks in the NEAFC Regulatory Area are exploited by large trawlers-purse seiners from all the Contracting Parties of NEAFC. The fleets move with the season between the three main stocks and the waters under national jurisdiction and the Regulatory Area.
Seasonality
All year round.
Ecosystem Assessment
 
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF FISHERIES

The fisheries are not conducted by vessel using bottom contacting gear.

There are no significant levels of bycatches in the fisheries.

NEAFC’s request to ICES for scientific advice reads in part as follows:

“The recurring advice shall include information on the state of marine ecosystems and human impacts including historical developments in main parameters and information on the present state and recent development of stocks. The recurrent advice shall provide information on state of stocks and fisheries including - when available - historical developments in spawning stock biomass, total stock biomass, fishing mortality as well as landings and discards in the NEAFC regulatory area and within EEZs.”

“When providing its advice regarding fisheries ICES shall take account of all available information and the context of fisheries management including information from the fishing industry, ecosystem considerations, environment and hydrographical conditions, regulations in force that affect fisheries, factors affecting fishing operations and information about the fisheries, development of fisheries technology and relevant performance changes and other relevant factors that affect fishing or fish stocks.”

“If no management plan/strategy has been agreed by all relevant management parties or the agreed plan/strategy has been evaluated by ICES not to be consistent with the precautionary approach, ICES will provide advice applying the ICES MSY advice rule if possible or the precautionary approach if the information on the stocks is insufficient to support the MSY rule.”

“The advice shall be based on an ecosystem approach. This will be implemented incrementally so that any information on the interactions between fisheries, the fish stocks and the marine ecosystem is considered and incorporated in the advice as it becomes available; specifically, taking ecosystem and environmental considerations into account when providing the recurring advice mentioned above, ICES will:

Assess the extent to which fishing disturbs the marine ecosystems and, where reference levels have been established, compare the impact to the reference level chosen.

Provide any new information regarding the impact of fisheries on other components of the ecosystem including small cetaceans and other marine mammals, sea birds and sensitive habitats.

Inform NEAFC of any notable impact of other factors on and imbalances in ecosystem structure that may prejudice the stocks of commercially valuable species and its long term exploitation.

Propose reference points as guidance for management purposes in an ecosystem context.

ICES will in addition give warnings of any serious threats from fishing activities alone or in conjunction with any other relevant activity to local ecosystems or species as soon as ICES is aware of such threats.”

The full request for advice will be available on the NEAFC website from February 2021 (https://www.neafc.org/system/files/AM_2020-94_Request-to-ICES-for-advice-2021%28PECMAS_2020-02-10-Rev1%29.pdf).


Management
Management unit: Yes

The fishery is regulated under NEAFC jurisdictional framework / management regime.
Jurisdictional framework
Management Body/Authority(ies): North-East Atlantic Fisheries Commission (NEAFC)
Mandate: Management; Monitoring; Control and surveillance.  
Area of Competence: NEAFC Convention Area
Maritime Area: High seas.  
NEAFC Convention Area. The NEAFC Regulatory Area is the areas beyond national jurisdiction in the NEAFC Convention Area. Courtesy of NEAFC
Related Fisheries - Management system
This fishery is managed as part of the management system described in Northeast Atlantic NEAFC high seas fisheries.

Fisheries for Norwegian spring spawning (Atlanto-Scandian) herring in 2021 are managed through legally binding conservation and management measures adopted by NEAFC, Recommendation 3/2021 (https://www.neafc.org/system/files/Recommendation-03_Norwegian%20Spring%20Spawning%20Herring%202021.pdf). These measures are based on an agreement among the coastal States, which applies to areas under national jurisdiction.

The management for 2021 is based on setting total allowable catches at the Coastal State level in accordance with the scientific advice from ICES, which can be found on the ICES website. (http://ices.dk/sites/pub/Publication%20Reports/Advice/2020/2020/her.27.1-24a514a.pdf).

The EU, Faroe Islands, Iceland, Norway, and Russia agreed in 1999 on a long-term management plan. This plan consists of the following elements:

Every effort shall be made to maintain a level of Spawning Stock Biomass (SSB) greater than the critical level (Blim) of 2 500 000 t.

For the year 2001 and subsequent years, the Parties agreed to restrict their fishing on the basis of a TAC consistent with a fishing mortality rate of less than 0.125 for appropriate age groups as defined by ICES, unless future scientific advice requires modification of this fishing mortality rate.

Should the SSB fall below a reference point of 5 000 000 t (Bpa), the fishing mortality rate referred to under paragraph 2, shall be adapted in the light of scientific estimates of the conditions to ensure a safe and rapid recovery of the SSB to a level in excess of 5 000 000 t. The basis for such an adaptation should be at least a linear reduction in the fishing mortality rate from 0.125 at Bpa (5 000 000 t) to 0.05 at Blim (2 500 000 t).

The Parties shall, as appropriate, review and revise these management measures and strategies on the basis of any new advice provided by ICES.

As is stated in the latest ICES advice referred to above, “ICES has evaluated the plan and concluded that it is consistent with the precautionary approach”.

NEAFC’s Permanent Committee on Monitoring and Compliance reports annually to the NEAFC Commission on compliance by the Contracting Parties with Recommendations adopted by NEAFC. The latest such compliance report, can be found on the NEAFC website (https://www.neafc.org/compliance).


History
All previous conservation and management measures can be found on the NEAFC website (https://www.neafc.org/managing_fisheries/measures/historic).
Status of Management
Assessment Summary
Scientific advice is provided by ICES. NEAFC is not involved in any scientific work. The NEAFC Contracting Parties have stressed that they consider it important to maintain a “clear separation between the scientific role of ICES and the policy and management role of NEAFC” (see report of the 2015 Extraordinary Meeting of NEAFC http://www.neafc.org/system/files/EM-2015-Report-final.pdf). This NEAFC fact sheet will therefore not comment on scientific work or scientific assessments. The ICES advice on which the latest NEAFC conservation and management measures (2021) will be based can be found on the ICES website (http://ices.dk/sites/pub/Publication%20Reports/Advice/2020/2020/her.27.1-24a514a.pdf).
Resources Assessed
Assessment advice provided by ICES: Spring Spawning herring - Norwegian Sea.
Negotiation Process
Consultations on conservation and management are held by the relevant coastal States for areas under national jurisdiction and by NEAFC for the high seas. Conservation and management measures adopted by NEAFC take account of any coastal State agreement.
Management Resolutions
Fisheries for Norwegian spring-spawning (Atlanto-Scandian) herring in 2021 are managed through legally binding conservation and management measures adopted by NEAFC, Recommendation 3/2021 (https://www.neafc.org/system/files/Recommendation-03_Norwegian%20Spring%20Spawning%20Herring%202021.pdf). These measures are based on an agreement among the coastal States, which applies to areas under national jurisdiction.

The 2021 management is based on setting total allowable catches at coastal State level in accordance with the scientific advice from ICES, which can be found on the ICES website (http://ices.dk/sites/pub/Publication%20Reports/Advice/2020/2020/her.27.1-24a514a.pdf).
Management Problems
In recent years, there have been difficulties in reaching an agreement on allocation among the coastal States, and thereby on allocation among the NEAFC Contracting Parties. This has resulted in conservation and management measures not being comprehensive. There has normally been agreement on the level of total allowable catches but not on the sharing arrangements for allocating the catches among the parties.
Management Regime
Management Methods

CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT MEASURES - Binding

This fishery is regulated by TACs and allocations, although there have been difficulties in reaching an agreement on the latter in recent years.

COMPLIANCE MEASURES - Binding

The fishery is monitored and controlled according to the NEAFC Scheme of Control and Enforcement (https://www.neafc.org/scheme/contents). This includes inter alia a vessel monitoring system, regular catch reporting, inspections at sea and port state control.
Source of Information
 
Information provided by the NEAFC Secretariat.

Sources referred to in this fact sheet are (in the order they are referred to):
Report of the 2015 Extraordinary Meeting of NEAFC. Click to openhttp://www.neafc.org/system/files/EM-2015-Report-final.pdf
ICES advice on which the latest NEAFC conservation and management measures are based (for 2021). Click to open(http://ices.dk/sites/pub/Publication%20Reports/Advice/2020/2020/her.27.1-24a514a.pdf
NEAFC’s 2021 request to ICES for scientific advice (available from 2021).  Click to openhttps://www.neafc.org/system/files/AM_2020-94_Request-to-ICES-for-advice-2021%28PECMAS_2020-02-10-Rev1%29.pdf
Recommendation 3/2021 on Conservation and Management Measures for Norwegian Spring-Spawning (Atlanto-Scandian) Herring in the NEAFC Regulatory Area for 2021. Click to openhttps://www.neafc.org/system/files/Recommendation-03_Norwegian%20Spring%20Spawning%20Herring%202021.pdf
NEAFC’s annual compliance report for 2019. Click to openhttps://www.neafc.org/compliance
Historic conservation and management measures adopted by NEAFC. Click to openhttps://www.neafc.org/managing_fisheries/measures/historic
The NEAFC Scheme of Control and Enforcement.  Click to openhttps://www.neafc.org/scheme/contents
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