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| Fact Sheet Title Fact Sheet |
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| Atlantic Cod - Flemish Cap |
| | Data Ownership | | This document provided, maintained and owned by Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization (NAFO) , is part of NAFO Summary Sheets data collection. |
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| ident Block | ident Block | | | | Species List: | | Species Ref: en - Atlantic cod, fr - Morue de l'Atlantique, es - Bacalao del Atlántico, zh - 大西洋鳕, ru - Треска атлантическая |
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| ident Block Atlantic Cod - Flemish Cap
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| fao Div |
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| 21.3.M | Atlantic, Northwest / 21.3.M |
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| Aq Res | Biological Stock: Yes
Value: Regional
Management unit: Yes
Reference year: 2022
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| Considered a management unit: An aquatic resource or fishery is
declared as [Fishery] Management Unit if it is
effectively the focus for the application of selected
management methods and measures, within the broader
framework of a management system. According to the FAO
Glossary for Responsible Fishing, "a Fishery Management
Unit (FMU) is a fishery or a portion of a fishery
identified in a Fishery Management Plan (FMP) relevant
to the FMP's management objectives." FMU's may be
organised around fisheries biological, geographic,
economic, technical, social or ecological dimensions ,
and the makeup and attribute of a fishery management
unit depends mainly on the FMP's management
objectives. |
| Jurisdictional distribution: Jurisdictional qualifier (e.g.
"shared", "shared - highly migratory") of the aquatic
resource related with its spatial distribution. |
| Environmental group: Classification of the aquatic
resource according to the environmental group (e.g.
pelagic invertebrate, or demersal fish) to which the
species belong. |
| Reference Year: The Reference Year is the last year considered in the stock assessment and/or fishery status. |
| | | | | | Aq Res State Trend SSB declined rapidly since 2017 but has remained stable during the last 3 years and is estimated to be above Blim. Since 2013, recruitment has varied at intermediate levels, much lower than those observed in 2011-2012. Fishing mortality has remained below Flim since the fishery reopened in 2010. F has generally decreased since 2019 and in 2022 is below Flim with a high probability. Habitat Bio Climatic Zone: Temperate. Bottom Type: Unspecified. Depth Zone: Slope - Deepslope (500 m - 1000 m). Horizontal Dist: Oceanic. Vertical Dist: Demersal/Benthic. Geo Dist Geo Dist: High Seas Purely Water Area Overview  | | Water Area Overview Atlantic Cod - Flemish Cap
| fao Div | 21.3.M: Atlantic, Northwest / 21.3.M |
| | | | | | Water Area Overview |
Water Area OverviewAtlantic Cod - Flemish Cap Aq Res Struct Biological Stock: Yes Exploit Cod is caught in directed trawl and longline fisheries and as bycatch in the directed redfish fishery by trawlers. The fishery is regulated by quota. New technical regulations were introduced in 2021, in particular a closure of the directed fishery in the first quarter as well as sorting grids to protect juveniles. Recent catch estimates and TACs (000 t) are as follows: Effects of the fishery on the ecosystemThe impact of bottom fishing activities on major VMEs in the NRA was last assessed in 2021. The risk of Significant Adverse Impacts (SAIs) on sponge and large gorgonian VMEs was assessed to be low, while this risk for sea pen VMEs has been assessed as intermediate. The risks of SAIs on small gorgonian, black coral, bryozoan and sea squirt VMEs were assessed as high. A number of areas in the Flemish Cap (3M) EPU have been closed to fishing to protect VMEs. 3M cod is included in the piscivores guild of the Flemish Cap (3M) Ecosystem Production Unit (EPU). Other NAFO managed stocks in this guild and EPU are 3M redfish and 2+3KLMNOPs Greenland halibut. The Catch/TCI is below the 2TCI ecosystem reference point (3M Piscivore Catch2022/TCI=0.98) indicating a low risk of ecosystem overfishing. Bio Assess Results Ref Point
| Blim = SSB2007 |
Median = 14 755 tonnes of spawning biomass (Scientific Council, 2023). |
| Flim = F30%SPR |
Median = 0.157 (Scientific Council, 2023) |
Projection Stochastic projections of the stock dynamics from 2023 to the start of 2025 were conducted. Fbar is the mean of the F at ages 3-5 and is used as the indicator of overall fishing mortality; Fsq is the status quo F, calculated as the mean of the last three years Fbar (2020-2022). The results indicate that the total biomass and SSB are likely to increase or remain stable by the start of 2025 in all scenarios except with F=Flim. The probability of SSB being below Blim is very low (≤1%) in all the scenarios. The probability of SSB in 2025 being above that in 2023 ranges between 14% and 100%, depending on the scenario (Tables 1 and 2). Under all scenarios except F= Flim, the probability of Fbar exceeding Flim is less than or equal to 2% in 2024. Assess Models Analytical assessment Results A Bayesian SCAA model, introduced at the 2018 benchmark, was used as the basis for the assessment of this stock with data from 1988 to 2022. The next full assessment for this stock will be in 2024. Fishing MortalityRecruitmentBiomassHuman impactMainly fishery related mortality. Other sources (e.g. pollution, shipping, oil-industry) are undocumented. Biological and environmental interactionsRedfish, shrimp and smaller cod are important prey items for cod. Recent studies indicate strong trophic interactions between these species in the Flemish Cap. The Flemish Cap (3M) Ecosystem Production Unit (EPU) has not experienced sustained reductions in overall productivity observed in other EPUs. With the exception of a short-lived increase in 2005-2009, total EPU biomass has remained fairly stable over time despite the changes in individual stocks. Management Management unit: Yes Advice Recommendation for 2024Catches up to 3/4 Flim are projected to result in a very low probability (≤10%) of the stock going below Blim and of fishing mortality exceeding Flim in 2024. All fishing scenarios with fishing mortality less than 2/3 Flim are projected to promote growth in SSB. SC therefore advises that exploitation should not exceed 2/3 Flim in 2024. Objectives No explicit management plan or management objectives have been defined by the Commission. Convention General Principles are applied (NAFO GC Doc. 07-04). The cod stock in Flemish Cap (NAFO Div. 3M) is considered to be a distinct population. Sources Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization (NAFO) Scientific Council Documents SCS Doc. 23/05REV, 23/06, 23/08, 23/13 and SCR Doc. 23/03, 23/04, 23/09.  https://www.nafo.int/Library/Science/SC-DocumentsNorthwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization (NAFO). 2023. Report of the Scientific Council Meeting, 2 – 15 June, 2023. NAFO SCS Doc. 23/18.  https://www.nafo.int/Portals/0/PDFs/sc/2023/scs23-18.pdfNorthwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization (NAFO). 2008. Resolution on the Interpretation and Implementation of the Convention on the Future Multilateral Cooperation in the Northwest Atlantic Fisheries. 30th Annual Meeting – September 2008. NAFO/GC Doc. 08/3. https://www.nafo.int/Portals/0/PDFs/gc/2008/gcdoc08-03.pdf |
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