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Marine Resource Fact Sheet |
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Bullet tuna - Indian Ocean |
| Data Ownership | This document provided, maintained and owned by Indian Ocean Tuna Commission (IOTC) , is part of IOTC Stock Status Reports data collection. |
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Related observations | Locate in inventory | | Species: | FAO Names: en - Bullet tuna, fr - Bonitou, es - Melva(=Melvera) |
Fishery IndicatorsProduction: Catch |
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| Geographic extent of Bullet tuna - Indian Ocean Map tips - Click on
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FAO Major Fishing Areas |
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51 | Indian Ocean, Western |
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57 | Indian Ocean, Eastern |
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Main Descriptors | Considered a single stock: Yes Management unit: Yes Reference year: 2019 |
Considered a single stock: A group of individuals in a species occupying a well defined spatial range independent of other stocks of the same species. It can be affected by random dispersal movements and directed migrations due to seasonal or reproductive activity. |
Spatial Scale: Spatial scale contains a standard term such as Global, Regional (e.g. for the whole Atlantic), sub-regional (e.g. for a part of the Atlantic), national, local (for sub-national levels). |
Considered a management unit: An aquatic resource or fishery is declared as [Fishery] Management Unit if it is effectively the focus for the application of selected management methods and measures, within the broader framework of a management system. According to the FAO Glossary for Responsible Fishing, "a Fishery Management Unit (FMU) is a fishery or a portion of a fishery identified in a Fishery Management Plan (FMP) relevant to the FMP's management objectives." FMU's may be organised around fisheries biological, geographic, economic, technical, social or ecological dimensions , and the makeup and attribute of a fishery management unit depends mainly on the FMP's management objectives. |
Jurisdictional distribution: Jurisdictional qualifier (e.g. "shared", "shared - highly migratory") of the aquatic resource related with its spatial distribution. |
Environmental group: Classification of the aquatic resource according to the environmental group (e.g. pelagic invertebrate, or demersal fish) to which the species belong. |
Reference Year: The Reference Year is the last year considered in the stock assessment and/or fishery status. |
| | | | Biological State and Trend Habitat and Biology Climatic zone: Temperate; Tropical. Horizontal distribution: Oceanic. Vertical distribution: Pelagic. Geographical Distribution Jurisdictional distribution: Highly migratory Geo References  | Geographic extent of Bullet tuna - Indian Ocean
FAO Major Fishing Areas | 51: Indian Ocean, Western | 57: Indian Ocean, Eastern |
| | | | Intersecting Major FAO areas and LME areas |
The following area codes have been found as intersecting the distribution of Bullet tuna - Indian Ocean FAO Major Fishing Areas | 51: Indian Ocean, Western | 57: Indian Ocean, Eastern | Large Marine Ecosystem Areas (LME) | 30: Agulhas Current | 31: Somali Coastal Current | 32: Arabian Sea | 33: Red Sea | 34: Bay of Bengal | 38: Indonesian Sea | 39: North Australian Shelf | 42: Southeast Australian Shelf | 43: Southwest Australian Shelf | 44: West-Central Australian Shelf | 45: Northwest Australian Shelf |
Resource Structure Considered a single stock: Yes No information is available on the stock structure in Indian Ocean. The IOTC coordinated Stock Structure Project, which commenced in early-2015, aims to supplement gaps in the existing knowledge on biological data, and in particular provide an insight on whether neritic tuna and tuna like species should be considered as a single Indian Ocean stock. Exploitation Fishery Indicators Type | Measure | Value | Unit | Time period |
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Production | Catch | 159 | tonnes | Average 1950 - 1959 | Catch | 360 | tonnes | Average 1960 - 1969 | Catch | 693 | tonnes | Average 1970 - 1979 | Catch | 1390 | tonnes | Average 1980 - 1989 | Catch | 3058 | tonnes | Average 1990 - 1999 | Catch | 4545 | tonnes | Average 2000 - 2009 | Catch | 13547 | tonnes | Average 2010 - 2019 | Catch | 8303 | tonnes | 2011 | Catch | 8989 | tonnes | 2012 | Catch | 8717 | tonnes | 2013 | Catch | 7999 | tonnes | 2014 | Catch | 10322 | tonnes | 2015 | Catch | 11156 | tonnes | 2016 | Catch | 15124 | tonnes | 2017 | Catch | 32015 | tonnes | 2018 | Catch | 22903 | tonnes | 2019 | Catch | 32251 | tonnes | 2020 |
Assessment Level of uncertainty: High A new assessment was carried out in 2021 using the data-limited techniques (CMSY and LB-SPR), however the catch data for frigate bullet tuna are very uncertain given the high percentage of the catches that had to be estimated due to a range of reporting issues. Due to a lack of fishery data for several gears, only preliminary stock status indicators can be used. Stock status in relation to the Commission’s BMSY and FMSY reference points remains unknown. Assessment Model Type: Biomass-aggregated Scientific Advice For assessed species of neritic tunas in Indian Ocean (longtail tuna, kawakawa and narrow-barred Spanish mackerel), the MSY was estimated to have been reached between 2009 and 2011 and both FMSY and BMSY were breached thereafter. Therefore, in the absence of a stock assessment of bullet tuna a limit to the catches should be considered by the Commission, by ensuring that future catches do not exceed the average catches estimated between 2009 and 2011 (8,547 t). The reference period (2009-2011) was chosen based on the most recent assessments of those neritic species in the Indian Ocean for which an assessment is available under the assumption that also for bullet tuna MSY was reached between 2009 and 2011. This catch advice should be maintained until an assessment of bullet tuna is available. Considering that MSY-based reference points for assessed species can change over time, the stock should be closely monitored. Mechanisms need to be developed by the Commission to improve current statistics by encouraging CPCs to comply with their recording and reporting requirements, so as to better inform scientific advice. Management Management unit: Yes Source of information IOTC–SC23 2020. Report of the 23rd Session of the IOTC Scientific Committee. Seychelles, 7 – 11 December 2020. IOTC–2020–SC23–R[E]: 211pp. https://www.iotc.org/sites/default/files/documents/2021/06/IOTC-2020-SC23-RE_Rev1.pdf Bibliography All references to figures, tables and bibliography in the text are found within the source of information. |
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