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Fact Sheet Title Fact Sheet |
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European hake - Northern Spain |
Merluccius merluccius - Northern Spain (GSA 6) |
| Data Ownership | This document provided, maintained and owned by General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean (GFCM) , is part of GFCM Stock Status Reports data collection. |
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ident Block | ident Block | | Species List: | Species Ref: en - European hake, fr - Merlu européen, es - Merluza europea, ru - Мерлуза восточноатлантическая |
Fishery IndicatorsProduction: Catch |
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gfcm Sub Area |
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6 | Northern Spain |
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Aq Res | Biological Stock: No Value: Sub-Regional Management unit: Yes Reference year: 2019
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Considered a management unit: An aquatic resource or fishery is declared as [Fishery] Management Unit if it is effectively the focus for the application of selected management methods and measures, within the broader framework of a management system. According to the FAO Glossary for Responsible Fishing, "a Fishery Management Unit (FMU) is a fishery or a portion of a fishery identified in a Fishery Management Plan (FMP) relevant to the FMP's management objectives." FMU's may be organised around fisheries biological, geographic, economic, technical, social or ecological dimensions , and the makeup and attribute of a fishery management unit depends mainly on the FMP's management objectives. |
Jurisdictional distribution: Jurisdictional qualifier (e.g. "shared", "shared - highly migratory") of the aquatic resource related with its spatial distribution. |
Environmental group: Classification of the aquatic resource according to the environmental group (e.g. pelagic invertebrate, or demersal fish) to which the species belong. |
Reference Year: The Reference Year is the last year considered in the stock assessment and/or fishery status. |
| | | | Aq Res State Trend In overexploitation, with relatively low biomass. [The GFCM methodology to provide stock status and management advice is described in the Appendix F of the Sixteenth Session of the Scientific Advisory Committee Report. See the Bibliography section.] Habitat Bio Climatic Zone: Temperate. Bottom Type: Soft bottom; Hard bottom. Depth Zone: Shelf (50 m - 200 m); Slope (200 m - 1000 m). Horizontal Dist: Neritic. Vertical Dist: Demersal/Benthic. Water Area Overview Spatial Scale: Sub-Regional Water Area Overview | Water Area Overview European hake - Northern Spain
gfcm Sub Area | 6: Northern Spain |
| | | | Water Area Overview
| | | | Water Area Overview |
Water Area OverviewEuropean hake - Northern Spain Aq Res Struct Biological Stock: No Stock assessment in the GFCM area of application is often conducted by management units, based on GSAs. This method does not ensure that the whole stock is assessed, since stocks may cover several different management units. In some cases, when there is scientific evidence of a stock spreading through different GSAs, as well as information on species from different GSAs, existing information is combined across GSAs. This is then defined as a “joint stock assessment of a shared stock”. The GFCM recommends that when scientific evidence of shared stocks exists, joint stock assessments should be attempted. A number of activities aimed at achieving a better definition of stock boundaries are currently being conducted at the GFCM level. [The State of Mediterranean and Black Sea Fisheries, 2016] Exploit European hake is a target demersal species of the Mediterranean fishing fleets. It is largely exploited in GSA 6, mainly by trawlers on the shelf and slope (95 percent landings), but also by small-scale fisheries using long lines (2 percent) and gillnets and trammel nets (3 percent) (average percentages estimated between 2016 and 2019). According to official statistics, around 1 000 boats are involved in this fishery, with total annual landings oscillating around 1 900 tonnes for the period 2016-2019 (1 628 tonnes in 2019). The trawler fleet is the largest in number of boats (419) and landings (1 512 tonnes) in 2019. Fishery Indicators Type | Measure | Value | Unit | Time period |
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Production | Catch | 1628 | tonnes | 2019 | Catch | 2443 | tonnes | 2018 | Catch | 1728 | tonnes | 2017 | Catch | 1810 | tonnes | 2016 | Catch | 1726 | tonnes | 2015 | Catch | 2489 | tonnes | 2014 | Catch | 2950 | tonnes | 2013 | Catch | 2641 | tonnes | 2012 | Catch | 3182 | tonnes | 2011 | Catch | 2822 | tonnes | 2010 | Catch | 3847 | tonnes | 2009 | Catch | 3341 | tonnes | 2008 | Catch | 2540 | tonnes | 2007 | Catch | 3627 | tonnes | 2006 | Catch | 3473 | tonnes | 2005 | Catch | 3151 | tonnes | 2004 | Catch | 4633 | tonnes | 2003 | Catch | 2835 | tonnes | 2002 |
Bio Assess Complimentary advice. The basis for advice is a joint assessment of GSAs 1, 5, 6, 7. Data The assessment was carried out using official landings and data on the size composition of trawl, longlines and set gillnet catches for the years 2002-2019. Abundance index series from MEDITS surveys were used as indices of abundance independent of the fishery. Assess Models Type: Age-structured a4a Both XSA and a4a were used. Additionally, Y/R analysis was carried out. The final model considered for the assessment was a4a. Results Total biomass (B) and yield (Y) showed a general decreasing trend from 2002 to 2019. R showed a drastic decline from the maximum observed in 2002. Fishing mortality (Fbar0-2) shows a slight increase until 2013 and a decreasing trend until 2018, followed by a slight increase until 2019 when estimated F is 1.2. Sci Advice Reduce fishing mortality. Management Management unit: Yes Sources FAO. 2021. General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean. Report of the twenty-second session of the Scientific Advisory Committee on Fisheries, online, 22–25 June 2021. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Report No. 1347. Rome. https://www.fao.org/3/cb7622en/cb7622en.pdfReport of the Working Group on Stock Assessment of Demersal Species (WGSAD). Online, 18–23 January 2021. https://www.fao.org/gfcm/technical-meetings/detail/en/c/1412431/ Bibliography FAO. 2020. The State of Mediterranean and Black Sea Fisheries 2020. General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean. Rome. https://www.fao.org/3/cb2427en/cb2427en.pdfFAO. 2016. The State of Mediterranean and Black Sea Fisheries. General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean. Rome, Italy. https://www.fao.org/3/i5496e/i5496e.pdfFAO General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean/Commission générale des pêches pour la Méditerranée. Report of the sixteenth session of the Scientific Advisory Committee. St. Julian’s, Malta, 17–20 March 2014/Rapport de la seizième session du Comité scientifique consultatif. Saint Julien, Malte, Malte, 17-20 mars 2014. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Report/FAO Rapport sur les pêches et l’aquaculture. No. R1102. Rome. 2015. 250 pp. https://www.fao.org/3/i4381b/i4381b.pdf |
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