Horse mackerel - West European Basin and Norwegian Sea|
| Marine Resource Fact Sheet |
| | | Horse mackerel - West European Basin and Norwegian Sea |
 | Western horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus) (Divisions IIa, IVa, Vb, VIa,VIIa-c, e-k, VIIIa,b,d,e) |
| | Data Ownership | | This document provided, maintained and owned by International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) , is part of ICES Advice data collection. |
| | Related observations | Locate in inventory | | | | Species: | | FAO Names: en - Atlantic horse mackerel, fr - Chinchard d'Europe, es - Jurel, ru - Ставрида обыкновенная |
|
|
| Geographic extent of Horse mackerel - West European Basin and Norwegian Sea
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| FAO Fishing Statistical Division Areas |
|---|
| 27.2.a | Norwegian Sea (Division 27.2.a) |
|---|
| 27.4.a | Northern North Sea (Division 27.4.a) |
|---|
| 27.6.a | Northwest Coast of Scotland and North Ireland or as the West of Scotland (Division 27.6.a) |
|---|
| 27.7.a | Irish Sea (Division 27.7.a) |
|---|
| 27.7.b | West of Ireland (Division 27.7.b) |
|---|
| 27.7.c | Porcupine Bank (Division 27.7.c) |
|---|
| 27.7.e | Western English Channel (Division 27.7.e) |
|---|
| 27.7.f | Bristol Channel (Division 27.7.f) |
|---|
| 27.7.g | Celtic Sea North (Division 27.7.g) |
|---|
| 27.7.h | Celtic Sea South (Division 27.7.h) |
|---|
| 27.7.j | Southwest of Ireland - East (Division 27.7.j) |
|---|
| 27.7.k | Southwest of Ireland - West (Division 27.7.k) |
|---|
| 27.8.a | Bay of Biscay - North (Division 27.8.a) |
|---|
| FAO Fishing Statistical Subdivision Areas |
|---|
| 27.5.b.1 | Faroe Plateau (Subdivision 27.5.b.1) |
|---|
| 27.5.b.2 | Faroe Bank (Subdivision 27.5.b.2) |
|---|
|
|
|
|
| | Main Descriptors | Considered a single stock: Yes
Spatial Scale: Sub-Regional
Management unit: Yes
Reference year: 2008
|
| Considered a single stock: A group of individuals in a species occupying a well defined spatial range independent of other stocks of the same species. It can be affected by random dispersal movements and directed migrations due to seasonal or reproductive activity. |
| Spatial Scale: Spatial scale contains a standard term such as Global, Regional (e.g. for the whole Atlantic), sub-regional (e.g. for a part of the Atlantic), national, local (for sub-national levels). |
| Considered a management unit: An aquatic resource or fishery is
declared as [Fishery] Management Unit if it is
effectively the focus for the application of selected
management methods and measures, within the broader
framework of a management system. According to the FAO
Glossary for Responsible Fishing, "a Fishery Management
Unit (FMU) is a fishery or a portion of a fishery
identified in a Fishery Management Plan (FMP) relevant
to the FMP's management objectives." FMU's may be
organised around fisheries biological, geographic,
economic, technical, social or ecological dimensions ,
and the makeup and attribute of a fishery management
unit depends mainly on the FMP's management
objectives. |
| Jurisdictional distribution: Jurisdictional qualifier (e.g.
"shared", "shared - highly migratory") of the aquatic
resource related with its spatial distribution. |
| Environmental group: Classification of the aquatic
resource according to the environmental group (e.g.
pelagic invertebrate, or demersal fish) to which the
species belong. |
| Reference Year: The Reference Year is the last year considered in the stock assessment and/or fishery status. |
| | | | | | Biological State and Trend
| Spawning biomass in relation to precautionary limits |
Fishing mortality in relation to precautionary limits |
Fishing mortality in relation to highest yield |
Fishing mortality in relation to agreed target |
Comment
|
| Full reproductive capacity |
Undefined |
Undefined |
Undefined |
F reference points undefined. |
Based on the most recent estimate of SSB (in 2009), ICES classifies the stock as having full reproductive capacity. In the absence of defined F reference points, the state of this stock cannot be evaluated with regard to fishing mortality. The outstanding 2001 year class contributed to marked increases in SSB in 2004 and 2005, and SSB has remained above 2.5 million tonnes since 2005. Fishing mortality in recent years is relatively low. Habitat and Biology Depth zone: Shelf (50 m - 200 m). Vertical distribution: Pelagic. Geographical Distribution Jurisdictional distribution: Straddling between High Seas and EEZ Water Area Overview Spatial Scale: Sub-Regional Geo References  | | Geographic extent of Horse mackerel - West European Basin and Norwegian Sea
| FAO Fishing Statistical Division Areas | 27.2.a: Norwegian Sea (Division 27.2.a) | | 27.4.a: Northern North Sea (Division 27.4.a) | | 27.6.a: Northwest Coast of Scotland and North Ireland or as the West of Scotland (Division 27.6.a) | | 27.7.a: Irish Sea (Division 27.7.a) | | 27.7.b: West of Ireland (Division 27.7.b) | | 27.7.c: Porcupine Bank (Division 27.7.c) | | 27.7.e: Western English Channel (Division 27.7.e) | | 27.7.f: Bristol Channel (Division 27.7.f) | | 27.7.g: Celtic Sea North (Division 27.7.g) | | 27.7.h: Celtic Sea South (Division 27.7.h) | | 27.7.j: Southwest of Ireland - East (Division 27.7.j) | | 27.7.k: Southwest of Ireland - West (Division 27.7.k) | | 27.8.a: Bay of Biscay - North (Division 27.8.a) | | FAO Fishing Statistical Subdivision Areas | 27.5.b.1: Faroe Plateau (Subdivision 27.5.b.1) | | 27.5.b.2: Faroe Bank (Subdivision 27.5.b.2) |
| | | | | | Intersecting Major FAO areas and LME areas |
The following area codes have been found as intersecting the distribution of Horse mackerel - West European Basin and Norwegian Sea | FAO Major Fishing Areas | 27:
Atlantic, Northeast | | Large Marine Ecosystem Areas (LME) | 19: East Greenland Shelf | | 20: Barents Sea | | 21: Norwegian Shelf | | 22: North Sea | | 24: Celtic-Biscay Shelf | | 59: East Greenland Shelf/Sea | | 60: Faroe Plateau |
Resource Structure Considered a single stock: Yes Exploitation Factors affecting the fisheries and the stockChanges in fishing technology and fishing patterns Western horse mackerel are taken in a variety of fisheries exploiting juvenile fish for the human consumption market (with smaller-size fish mostly for the Japanese market), and large fish for human consumption (mostly for the African market) or for industrial purposes. The juvenile fishery in the Western stock distribution area has mainly occurred in Divisions VIIe–h and VIIIa–d. After 1993, the juvenile fishery expanded resulting in a change in the exploitation pattern of the stock. The percentage of catch (in weight) in the juvenile areas increased gradually from about 40% in 1997 to about 65% in 2003, but declined to 40% in 2005. Since 2005, there has been no obvious change in fishing area or exploitation pattern. Impacts of the environment on the fish stockResearch over the last decade has shown strong links between horse mackerel migration into northern areas and water mass transport patterns in the Northeast Atlantic (ICES, 2007). Assessment Assessment Model Methodology Scientific basisData and methodsThe triennial horse mackerel egg survey provides an index of SSB which together with the catches form the basis for the assessment of the stock. Uncertainties in assessment and forecastThe information available for Western horse mackerel remains sparse, and concerns about the underlying data remain, particularly with regard to the reliability of age determination for the catch-at-age data, and the interpretation of fecundity estimates (as horse mackerel are regarded indeterminate spawners). In addition, the only fishery-independent information for this stock are measures of egg production from surveys held every three years. As in previous years and despite the data sampling regulation for EU countries, some countries with major catches did not carry out biological sampling programmes. Discard information is also incomplete for this stock. Comparison with previous assessment and adviceThe perception of historical stock trends is consistent with last year’s assessment. The basis for the advice is the same. Overall Assessment Results  | Figure 9.4.3.1. Horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus) in Divisions IIa, IVa, Vb, VIa, VIIa–c,e–k, and VIIIa–e (Western stock). Summary of stock assessment: landings, fishing mortality, recruitment, and SSB.  |
 | | Figure 9.4.3.2. Horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus) in Divisions IIa, IVa, Vb, VIa, VIIa–c,e–k, and VIIIa–e (Western stock). Stock–recruitment and precautionary approach plots. |
 | | Figure 9.4.3.3. Horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus) in Divisions IIa, IVa, Vb, VIa, VIIa–c,e–k, and VIIIa–e (Western stock). Comparison of currents assessments with previous assessments. |
| Country |
1980 |
1981 |
1982 |
1983 |
1984 |
1985 |
1986 |
1987 |
| Denmark |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
39 |
| France |
- |
- |
- |
- |
1 |
1 |
-2 |
-2 |
| Germany, Fed.Rep |
- |
+ |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
| Norway |
- |
- |
- |
412 |
22 |
78 |
214 |
3,272 |
| USSR |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
| Total |
- |
+ |
- |
412 |
23 |
79 |
214 |
3,311 |
| |
1988 |
1989 |
1990 |
1991 |
1992 |
1993 |
1994 |
1995 |
| Faroe Islands |
- |
- |
9643 |
1,115 |
9,1573 |
1,068 |
- |
950 |
| Denmark |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
200 |
| France |
-2 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
55 |
- |
| Germany, Fed. Rep. |
64 |
12 |
+ |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
| Norway |
6,285 |
4,770 |
9,135 |
3,200 |
4,300 |
2,100 |
4 |
11,300 |
| USSR / Russia (1992 -) |
469 |
27 |
1,298 |
172 |
- |
- |
700 |
1,633 |
| UK (England + Wales) |
- |
- |
17 |
|
- |
- |
- |
- |
| Total |
6,818 |
4,809 |
11,414 |
4,487 |
13,457 |
3,168 |
759 |
14,083 |
| |
1996 |
1997 |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 |
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
| Faroe Islands |
1,598 |
7993 |
1883 |
1323 |
2503 |
- |
|
|
| Denmark |
- |
- |
1,7553 |
|
|
- |
|
|
| France |
- |
- |
- |
|
|
- |
|
|
| Germany |
- |
- |
- |
|
|
- |
|
|
| Norway |
887 |
1,170 |
234 |
2,304 |
841 |
44 |
1,321 |
22 |
| Russia |
881 |
648 |
345 |
121 |
843 |
16 |
3 |
2 |
| UK (England + Wales) |
- |
- |
- |
|
|
- |
|
|
| Estonia |
- |
- |
22 |
|
|
|
|
|
| Total |
3,366 |
2,617 |
2,544 |
2557 |
1175 |
60 |
1,324 |
24 |
Table 9.4.3.2. Horse mackerel general. Catches (t) in Subarea II. (Data as submitted by Working Group members).
| |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
20081 |
| Faroe Islands |
- |
- |
3 |
- |
- |
| Denmark |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
| France |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
|
|
-
-
|
-
-
|
-
-
|
-
3664
|
-
-
|
| Norway |
42 |
176 |
27 |
- |
572 |
| Russia |
|
|
|
|
|
| UK (England + Wales) |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
| Estonia |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
| Total |
42 |
176 |
30 |
366 |
572 |
|
1Preliminary.
2Included in Subarea IV.
3Includes catches in Div. Vb.
4Taken in Div. Vb
|
| Country |
1980 |
1981 |
1982 |
1983 |
1984 |
1985 |
1986 |
1987 |
1988 |
|
Faroe Islands
, Fed.Rep.
Ireland
Netherlands
Norway2
Poland
Sweden
UK (Engl. + )
()
|
8
199
260
292
+
1,161
101
119
-
-
11
-
-
|
34
3,576
-
421
139
412
355
2,292
-
-
15
-
-
|
7
1,612
-
567
30
-
559
7
-
-
6
-
-
|
55
1,590
-
366
52
-
2,0293
322
2
-
4
-
-
|
20
23,730
-
827
+
-
824
3
94
-
-
3
489
|
13
22,495
-
298
+
-
1603
203
-
-
71
998
-
|
13
18,652
-
2312
-
-
6003
776
-
2
3
531
-
|
9
7,290
-
1892
3
-
8504
11,7284
-
-
339
487
-
|
10
20,323
-
7842
153
-
1,0603
34,4254
-
-
373
5,749
-
|
| Total |
2,151 |
7,253 |
2,788 |
4,420 |
25,987 |
24,238 |
20,808 |
20,895 |
62,877 |
| Country |
1989 |
1990 |
1991 |
1992 |
1993 |
1994 |
1995 |
1996 |
1997 |
|
Faroe Islands
, Fed.Rep.
Poland
Sweden
UK (Engl. + Wales)
UK (N. Ireland)
UK (Scotland)
/ (1992 -)
Unallocated + discards
|
10
23,329
-
-
248
506
-
14,172
84,161
-
-
10
-
2,093
-
12,4824
|
13
20,605
-
942
220
2,4695
687
1,970
117,903
-
102
10
-
458
-
-3174
|
-
6,982
-
340
174
5,995
2,657
3,852
50,000
-
953
132
350
7,309
-
-7504
|
+
7,755
293
-
162
2,801
2,600
3,000
96,000
-
800
4
-
996
-2786
|
74
6,120
-
360
302
1,570
4,086
2,470
126,800
-
697
115
-
1,059
-3,270
|
57
3,921
275
1,014
415
1,329
94,000
-
2,087
389
7,582
1,511
|
51
2,432
17
-
-
1,600
220
5,285
84,747
-
-
478
-
3,650
-28
|
28
1,433
-
-
-
7
1,100
6,205
14,639
-
95
40
-
2,442
136
|
-
648
-
296
-
7,603
8,152
37,778
45,314
-
232
242
-
10,511
-31,615
|
| Total |
112,047 |
145,062 |
77,904 |
114,133 |
140,383 |
112,580 |
98,452 |
26,125 |
79,161 |
| Country |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 |
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
20061 |
|
Faroe Islands
UK (Engl. + Wales)
UK (Scotland)
Unallocated+discards
|
19
2,048
22
28
379
4,620
-
3,811
13,129
-
3,411
2
3,041
737
|
21
8,006
-
908
60
4,071
404
3,610
44,344
-
1,957
11
1,658
-325
|
19
4,409
-
24
49
3,115
103
3,382
1,246
2
1,141
15
3,465
14613
|
19
2,288
-
48
230
375
4,685
7,948
-
119
317
3,161
649
|
1,004
1,393
699
-
2,671
72
6,612
35,368
-
575
1,191
255
-149
|
5
3,774
809
392
3,048
93
17,354
20,493
-
1,074
1,192
1
-14,009
|
4
8,735
174
4,905
379
21,418
10,709
665
2,552
1
-19,103
|
6
4,258
35
3,876
1,811
753
24,679
24,937
239
1,778
22
-21,830
|
3
1,343
2,380
965
2,077
2,354
20,984
27,200
491
423
314
-19,623
|
| Total |
31,247 |
64,725 |
31583 |
19,839 |
49,691 |
34,226 |
30,435 |
40,564 |
38,911 |
Table 9.4.3.3. Horse mackerel general. Catches (t) in North Sea Subarea IV and Skagerrak Division IIIa by country. (Data submitted by Working Group members). Catches partly concern the North Sea horse mackerel.
| Country |
2007 |
20081 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Belgium
Faroe Islands
France
Germany, Fed.Rep.
Ireland
Netherlands
Lithuania
Norway
Sweden
UK (Engl. + Wales)
UK (Scotland)
Unallocated +discards
|
5
329
3
457
93
652
20,027
98
5.423
130
2,966
626
-14,403
|
2
59
55
943
1,167
1,186
9,400
- 11,652
45
-
20
-9,151
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Total |
16,407 |
15,377 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1-Preliminary. |
| Country |
1980 |
1981 |
1982 |
1983 |
1984 |
1985 |
1986 |
1987 |
1988 |
|
Denmark
Faroe Islands
France
Germany, Fed. Rep.
Ireland
Netherlands
Norway
Spain
UK (Engl. + Wales)
UK (N. Ireland)
UK (Scotland)
USSR
Unallocated + disc.
|
734
-
45
5,550
-
2,385
-
-
9
1
-
|
341
-
454
10,212
-
100
5
-
5
17
-
|
2,785
1,248
4
2,113
-
50
-
-
+
83
-
|
7
-
10
4,146 15,086
94
-
-
38
-
|
-
-
14
130
13,858
17,500
-
-
+
214
-
|
-
4,014
13
191
27,102
18,450
996
-
1,427
-
-19,168
|
-
1,992
12
354
28,125
3,450
83
-2
198
-
138
-
-13,897
|
769
4,4503
20
174
29,743
5,750
75
-2
404
-
1,027
-
-7,255
|
1,655
4,0003
10
615
27,872
3,340
41
-2
475
-
7,834
-
-
|
| Total |
8,724 |
11,134 |
6,283 |
19,381 |
31,716 |
33,025 |
20,455 |
35,157 |
45,842 |
| Country |
1989 |
1990 |
1991 |
1992 |
1993 |
1994 |
1995 |
1996 |
1997 |
|
Denmark
Faroe Islands
France
Germany, Fed. Rep.
Ireland
Netherlands
Norway
Spain
UK (Engl. + Wales)
UK (N.Ireland)
UK (Scotland)
USSR/Russia (1992-)
Unallocated + disc.
|
973
3,059
2
1,162
19,493
1,907
-
-2
44
-
1,737
-
6,493
|
615
628
17
2,474
15,911
660
-
-2
145
-
267
44
143
|
-
255
4
2,500
24,766
3,369
-
1
1,229
1,970
1,640
-
-1,278
|
42
-
3
6,281
32,994
2,150
-
3
577
273
86
-
-1,940
|
-
820
+
10,023
44,802
590
-
-
144
-
4,523
-
-6,9604
|
294
80
-
1,430
65,564
341
-
-
109
-
1,760
-
-51
|
106
-
-
1,368
120,124
2,326
-
-
208
-
789
-
-41,326
|
114
-
-
943
87,872
572
-
-
612
-
2,669
-
-11,523
|
780
-
52
229
22,474
498
-
-
56
767
14,452
-
837
|
| Total |
34,870 |
20,904 |
34,456 |
40,469 |
53,942 |
69,527 |
83,595 |
81,259 |
40,145 |
Table 9.4.3.4. Horse mackerel general. Catches (t) in Subarea VI by country. (Data submitted by Working Group members).
| Country |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 |
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
|
Denmark
Faroe Islands
France
Germany
Ireland
Lithuania
Netherlands
Spain
UK (Engl.+Wales)
UK (N.Ireland)
UK (Scotland)
Unallocated+disc.
|
-
-
221
414
21,608
885
-
10
1,132
10,447
98
|
-
-
25,007
1,031
31,736
1,139
-
344
-
4,544
1,507
|
-
-
-
209
15,843
687
-
41
-
1,839
2,038
|
-
-
428
265
20,162
600
-
91
3,111
-21
|
-
-
55
149
12,341
450
-
-
1,192
3
|
-
-
209
1,337
20,915
847
-
46
453
-553
|
-
-
172
1,413
15,702
3,701
-
5
377
559
|
-
-
41
1,958
12,395
6,039
-
52
210
62
1,298
|
-
-
411
1,025
9,780
2,822
1,892
-
-
82
43
-304
|
| Total |
34,815 |
65,308 |
20,657 |
24,636 |
14,190 |
23,254 |
21,929 |
22,055 |
15,751 |
|
Country
|
2007
|
20081
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Denmark
Faroe Islands
France
Germany
Ireland
Lithuania
Netherlands
Norway
Russia
Spain
UK (Engl. + Wales)
UK (Scotland)
Unallocated+discards
|
-
-
-
1,835
20,341
80
2,177
2
-
-
232
38
1,474
26,279
|
-
573
74
5,097
18,786
641
3,904
20
-
-
-
588
-3,781
25,902
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1Preliminary. 2Included in Subarea VII.,
3Includes Divisions IIIa, IVa,b and VIb. 4Includes a negative unallocated catch of -7000 t.
|
| Country |
1980 |
1981 |
1982 |
1983 |
1984 |
1985 |
1986 |
1987 |
1988 |
|
Belgium
Denmark
France
Germany, Fed.Rep.
Ireland
Netherlands
Norway
Spain
UK (Engl. + Wales)
UK (Scotland)
USSR
|
-
5,045
1,983
2,289
-
23,002
394
50
12,933
1
-
|
1
3,099
2,800
1,079
16
25,000
-
234
2,520
-
-
|
1
877
2,314
12
-
27,5002
-
104
2,670
-
-
|
-
993
1,834
1,977
-
34,350
-
142
1,230
-
-
|
-
732
2,387
228
65
38,700
-
560
279
1
-
|
+
1,4772
1,881
-
100
33,550
-
275
1,630
1
120
|
+
30,4082
3,801
5
703
40,750
-
137
1,824
+
-
|
2
27,368
2,197
374
15
69,400
-
148
1,228
2
-
|
-
33,202
1,523
4,705
481
43,560
-
150
3,759
2,873
-
|
| Total |
45,697 |
34,749 |
33,478 |
40,526 |
42,952 |
39,034 |
77,628 |
100,734 |
90,253 |
| Country |
1989 |
1990 |
1991 |
1992 |
1993 |
1994 |
1995 |
1996 |
1997 |
|
Faroe Islands
Belgium
Denmark
France
Germany, Fed.Rep.
Ireland
Netherlands
Norway
Spain
UK (Engl. + Wales)
UK (N.Ireland)
UK (Scotland)
USSR / Russia (1992-)
Unallocated + discards
|
-
-
34,474
4,576
7,743
12,645
43,582
-
14
4,488
-
+
-
28,368
|
28
+
30,594
2,538
8,109
17,887
111,900
-
16
13,371
-
139
-
7,614
|
-
-
28,888
1,230
12,919
19,074
104,107
-
113
6,436
2,026
1,992
-
24,541
|
-
-
18,984
1,198
12,951
15,568
109,197
-
106
7,870
1,690
5,008
-
15,563
|
-
-
16,978
1,001
15,684
16,363
157,110
-
54
6,090
587
3,123
-
4,0103
|
-
1
41,605
-
14,828
15,281
92,903
-
29
12,418
119
9,015
-
14,057
|
-
-
28,300
-
17,436
58,011
116,126
-
25
31,641
-
10,522
-
68,644
|
-
-
43,330
-
15,949
38,455
114,692
-
33
28,605
-
11,241
-
26,795
|
-
18
60,412
27,201
28,549
43,624
81,464
-
-
17,464
1,093
7,931
-
58,718
|
| Total |
135,890 |
192,196 |
201,326 |
188,135 |
221,000 |
200,256 |
330,705 |
279,100 |
326,474 |
Table 9.4.3.5. Horse mackerel general . Catches (t) in Subarea VII by country. (Data submitted by the Working Group members).
| Country |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 |
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
|
Faroe Islands
Belgium
Denmark
France
Germany
Ireland
Lithuania
Netherlands
Spain
UK (Engl. + Wales)
UK (N.Ireland)
UK (Scotland)
Unallocated+discards
|
-
18
25,492
24,223
25,414
51,720
91,946
-
12,832
-
5,095
12,706
|
-
-
19,223
-
15,247
25,843
56,223
-
8,885
-
4,994
31,239
|
550
-
13,946
20,401
9,692
32,999
50,120
50
2,972
-
5,152
1,884
|
-
-
20,574
11,049
8,320
30,192
46,196
7
8,901
-
1,757
11,046
|
-
1
10,094
6,466
10,812
23,366
37,605
0
5,525
-
1,461
2,576
|
-
-
10,867
7,199
13,873
13,533
48.222
1
4,186
268
24,897
|
-
+
11,529
8,083
16,352
8,470
41,123
27
7,178
1,146
18,485
|
3,660
+
9,939
8,469
10,437
20,406
31,156
12
4,752
217
59
18,368
|
1,201
+
6,838
7,928
7,139
16,841
3,569
35,467
60
2,935
142
413
19,379
|
| Total |
249,446 |
161,654 |
137,766 |
138,042 |
97,906 |
123,046 |
112,393 |
107,475 |
101,912 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Country |
2007 |
20081 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Faroe Islands
Belgium
Denmark
France
Germany
Ireland
Lithuania
Netherlands
Spain
Sweden
UK (Engl. + Wales)
UK (Scotland)
Unallocated+discards
|
475
+
4,806
6,844
3.943
8,039
5,585
38,034
-
55
9,105
738
15,460
|
212
+
1,970
11,008
5,700
16,293
4,907
43,514
11
-
-
476
14,656
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Total |
93,084 |
98,746 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1Preliminary |
| Country |
1980 |
1981 |
1982 |
1983 |
1984 |
1985 |
1986 |
1987 |
1988 |
| Denmark |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
446 |
3,283 |
2,793 |
| France |
3,361 |
3,711 |
3.073 |
2,643 |
2,489 |
4,305 |
3,534 |
3,983 |
4,502 |
| Netherlands |
- |
- |
- |
- |
-2 |
-2 |
-2 |
-2 |
- |
| Spain |
34,134 |
36,362 |
19,610 |
25,580 |
23,119 |
23,292 |
40,334 |
30,098 |
26,629 |
| UK (Engl.+Wales) |
- |
+ |
1 |
- |
1 |
143 |
392 |
339 |
253 |
| USSR |
- |
- |
- |
- |
20 |
- |
656 |
- |
- |
| Total |
37,495 |
40,073 |
22,684 |
28,223 |
25,629 |
27,740 |
45,362 |
37,703 |
34,177 |
| Country |
1989 |
1990 |
1991 |
1992 |
1993 |
1994 |
1995 |
1996 |
1997 |
| Denmark |
6,729 |
5,726 |
1,349 |
5,778 |
1,955 |
- |
340 |
140 |
729 |
| France |
4,719 |
5,082 |
6,164 |
6,220 |
4,010 |
28 |
- |
7 |
8,690 |
| Germany, Fed. Rep. |
- |
- |
80 |
62 |
- |
|
- |
- |
- |
| Netherlands |
- |
6,000 |
12,437 |
9,339 |
19,000 |
7,272 |
- |
14,187 |
2,944 |
| Spain |
27,170 |
25,182 |
23,733 |
27,688 |
27,921 |
25,409 |
28,349 |
29,428 |
31,081 |
| UK (Engl.+Wales) |
68 |
6 |
70 |
88 |
123 |
753 |
20 |
924 |
430 |
| USSR/Russia (1992-) |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
| Unallocated+discards |
- |
1,500 |
2,563 |
5,011 |
700 |
2,038 |
- |
3,583 |
-2,944 |
| Total |
38,686 |
43,496 |
46,396 |
54,186 |
53,709 |
35,500 |
28,709 |
48,269 |
40,930 |
Table 9.4.3.6. Horse mackerel general. Catches (t) in Subarea VIII by country. (Data submitted by Working Group members).
| Country |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 |
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
| Denmark |
1,728 |
4,818 |
2,584 |
582 |
- |
- |
|
- |
1,513 |
| France |
1,844 |
74 |
7 |
5,316 |
13,676 |
- |
2,161 |
3,540 |
3,944 |
| Germany |
3,268 |
3,197 |
3,760 |
3,645 |
2,249 |
4,908 |
72 |
4,776 |
3,325 |
| Ireland |
- |
- |
6,485 |
1,483 |
704 |
504 |
1,882 |
1,808 |
158 |
|
Lithuania
Netherlands
|
6,604
|
22,479
|
11,768
|
36,106
|
12,538
|
1,314
|
1,047
|
6,607
|
401
6,073
|
| Russia |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
6,620 |
|
|
- |
| Spain |
23,599 |
24,190 |
24,154 |
23,531 |
22,110 |
24,598 |
16,245 |
16,624 |
13,874 |
| UK (Engl. + Wales) |
9 |
29 |
112 |
1,092 |
157 |
982 |
516 |
838 |
821 |
| UK (Scotland) |
- |
- |
249 |
- |
- |
- |
|
- |
- |
| Unallocated+discards |
1,884 |
-8658 |
5,093 |
4,365 |
1,705 |
2,785 |
2,202 |
7,302 |
4,013 |
| Total |
38,936 |
46,129 |
54,212 |
76,120 |
54,560 |
41,711 |
24,125 |
41,495 |
34,122 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Country |
2007 |
20081 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Denmark |
2,687 |
3,289 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| France |
10,741 |
2,848 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Germany |
- |
918 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Ireland |
694 |
246 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lithuania
Netherlands
|
-
-
|
-
6,269
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Russia |
- |
- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Spain |
13,853 |
19,840 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| UK (Engl. + Wales) |
- |
- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| UK (Scotland) |
- |
- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Unallocated+discards |
412 |
482 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Total |
28,387 |
33,892 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1Preliminary.
2Included in Subarea VII.
|
 | | Table 9.4.3.7. Horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus) in Divisions IIa, IVa, Vb, VIa, VIIa–c,e–k, and VIIIa–e (Western stock). Summary of stock assessment. |
Reference Point
| |
Type |
Value |
Technical basis |
| Precautionary approach |
Blim |
1.4 Mt |
biomass that produced the extraordinary 1982 year class |
| |
Bpa |
1.8 Mt |
Blim * e 1.645*0.16 (16 % is the CV of SSB 1982 estimate from 2008 assessment) |
| |
Flim |
NA |
|
| |
Fpa |
NA |
|
| (Unchanged since:2008) |
F reference points are undefined for this stock. Projection Given that the proposed management plan was for a period of 3 years starting in 2008 and that the TAC level was considered precautionary by ICES, no short-term forecast was conducted. The assessment suggests that the expected fishing mortality associated with a catch of 180 000 t in 2010 is likely to be low and that the SSB will remain above B pa. Scientific Advice Single-stock exploitation boundariesICES advises on the basis of exploitation boundaries in relation to management plans that the TAC of 180000 tonnes provided in the proposed management plan by the Pelagic RAC should be implemented in 2010.Exploitation boundaries in relation to existing management plansThe proposed management plan provides for a TAC of 180000 tonnes for the period 2008–2010 which is expected to maintain SSB above Blim with a high probability. This TAC should apply to all areas where Western horse mackerel is caught (see table below). Exploitation boundaries in relation to the precautionary approachThe proposed management plan is consistent with the precautionary approach in the short term. Table 9.4.3.1. Horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus) in Divisions IIa, IVa, Vb, VIa, VIIa–c,e–k, and VIIIa–e (Western stock). Single-stock exploitation boundaries (advice), management, and catch/landings.
| Year |
ICES
Advice
|
Predicted catch corresp. to advice2 |
Agreed
TAC1
|
ICES
Landings2
|
Disc.
Slip2
|
ICES
Catch2
|
| 1987 |
Not assessed |
- |
155 |
157 |
- |
157 |
| 1988 |
No increase in catches |
102 |
169 |
184 |
4 |
188 |
| 1989 |
If sustained catches required; TAC |
100 |
153 |
267 |
1 |
269 |
| 1990 |
TAC |
~200 |
203 |
363 |
10 |
373 |
| 1991 |
Within safe biological limits |
- |
230 |
328 |
5 |
334 |
| 1992 |
Within safe biological limits |
- |
250 |
369 |
2 |
371 |
| 1993 |
Within safe biological limits |
- |
250 |
424 |
9 |
433 |
| 1994 |
Prudent not to increase F |
- |
300 |
385 |
4 |
389 |
| 1995 |
Reduction in catch |
- |
300 |
509 |
2 |
511 |
| 1996 |
Reduction in catch |
- |
300 |
379 |
17 |
397 |
| 1997 |
Reduction in F |
173 |
300 |
440 |
3 |
443 |
| 1998 |
Reduction in F to 0.15 |
150 |
320 |
296 |
1 |
304 |
| 1999 |
Effectively limit catches to 200 000 t |
<200 |
265 |
274 |
- |
274 |
| 2000 |
Effectively limit catches to 200 000 t |
<200 |
240 |
175 |
- |
175 |
| 2001 |
Effectively limit catches to 224 000 t |
<224 |
233 |
191 |
- |
191 |
| 2002 |
Effectively limit catches to 98 000 t |
<98 |
150 |
172 |
- |
172 |
| 2003 |
Effectively limit catches to 113 000 t |
<113 |
137 |
1903 |
-3 |
1903 |
| 2004 |
Limit catches to less than 130 000 t |
<130 |
137 |
1573 |
13 |
1583 |
| 2005 |
Limit catches to less than 150 000 t |
<1503 |
137 |
182 |
- |
182 |
| 2006 |
Limit catches to less than 150 000 t |
<1503 |
137 |
155 |
0 |
155 |
| 2007 |
Limit catches to less than 150 000 t |
<1503 |
137 |
123 |
0 |
123 |
| 2008 |
Follow proposed management plan |
1804 |
170 |
140 |
0 |
140 |
| 2009 |
Follow proposed management plan |
1804 |
170 |
|
|
|
| 2010 |
Follow proposed management plan |
1804 |
|
|
|
|
|
Weights in ‘000 t.
1Division Vb (EU waters only), Subareas VI and VII, and Divisions VIIIa,b,d,e.
2Divisions IIa, IVa, Vb, VIa, VIIa–c, VIIe–k, and VIII a,b,d,e.
3Including Division VIIIc.
4 For the whole distribution area.
|
Management Management unit: Yes Management Objectives There are currently no explicit agreed management objectives for this stock. Following an EC request in 2007 to evaluate the consequences of the management plan proposed by the Pelagic RAC in July 2007 (see Appendix 9.4.3), ICES concluded that the proposed plan was consistent with the precautionary approach for a period of 3 years; i.e., it provides a basis for scientific advice for TACs in 2008–2010. However, the proposed management plan has yet to be formally adopted. Management Advice Management considerationsThe management plan proposed by the Pelagic RAC in 2007 makes use of the information available in the egg production surveys, and bases triennial TACs on the slope of the three previous egg production estimates. The proposed plan assumes that all catches are counted against the TAC. The advice for horse mackerel assumes that all catches are counted against the TAC for each stock separately. In 2009 and before, the TAC covered only part of the distribution and fishing areas (EU waters). ICES advises that the management areas correspond to the distribution areas which include all EU and Norwegian and Faroese waters where horse mackerel are caught. The table below summarizes TACs set, ICES advice, catch for 2008, and 2009 advice and TACs: From this table it can be seen that catches of the Southern horse mackerel and Western horse mackerel in 2008 are lower than the TACs and the ICES advice. In contrast, the catches of North Sea horse mackerel were 34.7 thousand tonnes following advice of 18 thousand tonnes in 2008. Most of the catch of North Sea horse mackerel is taken in ICES Division VIId. The key problem is that the TAC for the Western stock is allocated to this ICES division, but catches from this area are of North Sea horse mackerel. To ensure precautionary management of all the horse mackerel stocks, area TACs should be allocated according to the advice section of the table above. Specifically, three measures need to be taken: - The TAC for western horse mackerel should apply to all areas where western horse mackerel is caught (EU, Norwegian, and Faroese waters) and where necessary be subject to agreement.
- Catches from ICES Division VIId should be taken against a TAC for the North Sea stock.
- Catches taken in Division VIIIc need to be taken against a TAC for the western stock.
If the management area limits are revised, measures should be taken to ensure that misreporting of juvenile catch taken in Divisions VIIe,h and VIId (the latter then belonging to the North Sea stock management area) is minimized. Source of information ICES. 2009. Report of the ICES Advisory Committee, 2009. ICES Advice, 2009. |
|
| |
|
|
