Thailand Shark Fisheries, 2004|
| | | Thailand Shark Fisheries, 2004 |
| | Data Ownership | | This document provided, maintained and owned by Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center (SEAFDEC) , is part of SEAFDEC Sharks Fisheries Reports data collection. |
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Overview: Main fishing gears landing shark and rays in Thailand are otter board trawler and pair trawler, according to sharks and rays fisheries statistics for year 1995-2005.
| Location of Thailand Shark Fisheries
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Geographic reference: Thailand
Spatial Scale: National
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| Harvested Resource Type of production system: Commercial; Artisanal; Semi-industrial Fishery Area Climatic zone: Tropical. Horizontal distribution: Neritic. Geo References  | Exclusive Economic Zone Areas (EEZ) | THA - Thailand |
More Geo References The following area codes have been found as intersecting the location of Thailand Shark FisheriesMarine fishing ground within Thailand exclusive economic zone lie in part of the Gulf of Thailand and part of the Andaman Sea both near shore and offshore. For offshore fisheries, activities were also undertaken in Arafura Sea (southern part of Indonesian) under Indonesian government license (approximately 440 vessels of over 20-meter). Vessel Type Otter trawlersPair trawlersThere are many kinds of the fishing vessel landed in sampling site such as pair trawler, otter board trawler, gill netter, push netter and purse seiner, etc., but the data collection on shark fisheries were recorded only from otter board trawler and pair trawler which are the main fishing gears catching shark. The vessel length ranges from 12 to 23 meter. Crew Table 1. Fishery structure and landing site description
| Fishing gear |
Size of boats (m) |
Number of Crews |
Fishing grounds |
| Pair trawl |
|
|
|
| - Samut Prakhan |
16-23 |
16-20 |
Phetchaburi,
Prachuap Khirikhan |
| - Songkhla |
12-18 |
10-12 |
Songkhla, Pattani, Nakhon Sithammarat |
| - Phuket |
16-22 |
16-20 |
Ranong, Phangnga, Phuket and Kabi |
| Otter Board Trawl |
|
|
|
| - Samut Prakhan |
- |
- |
- |
| - Songkhla |
12-18 |
4-6 |
Songkhla, Pattani, Nakhon
Sithammarat |
| |
16-22 |
6-7 |
Off shore Indonesia, Malaysia |
| - Phuket |
19-22 |
10 |
Ranong, Phangnga, Phuket and Krabi |
Fish caught from pair trawler and otter board trawler was landed through carrier vessels with capacity ranged from 1,000 to 3,000 ton per vessels. Fishing Gear The collection of landing data from sampling sites in Thailand had been done from 1,118 fishing boats. Shark are caught by almost all kinds of gears (pair trawl, otter board trawl, fish gill net, hook and line, push net, purse seine and other fishing gears) as associated species. The total marine fishery production was 11,425,768.90 kg of which included 21,862.82 kg (0.19 %) of shark. Pair trawls (not specified)Otter trawls (not specified)Gillnets (not specified)Hooks and linesPush netsPurse seinesTrip Duration The trip takes approximately 30 days. Seasonality January to December, with limitation during monsoon season. Catch Based on the fishery statistical gazette, Department of Fisheries, Thailand, the volume of shark catch has increased from 5,313 tons in 1995 to 13,918 tons in 2002. However, shark catch constituted for only 0.19 percent of total fish production. Table 2. Catch of shark (MT) from fishery statistics in the Gulf of Thailand and Andaman Sea (1995-2002)
|
Year
|
Gulf of Thailand
|
Andaman
|
Total
|
|
OBT
|
PT
|
Other
|
Total
|
OBT
|
PT
|
Other
|
Total
|
|
1995
|
2,429
|
233
|
150
|
2,812
|
1,873
|
648
|
4
|
2,501
|
5,313
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|
1996
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2,781
|
294
|
85
|
3,160
|
2,873
|
1,738
|
4
|
4,615
|
7,775
|
|
1997
|
2,640
|
279
|
75
|
2,994
|
2,847
|
1,776
|
-
|
4,623
|
7,617
|
|
1998
|
2,945
|
268
|
93
|
3,306
|
3,601
|
742
|
88
|
4,431
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7,737
|
|
1999
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6,060
|
174
|
68
|
6,302
|
3,008
|
773
|
35
|
3,816
|
10,118
|
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2000
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6,834
|
254
|
45
|
7,133
|
3,346
|
548
|
12
|
3,906
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11,039
|
|
2001
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5,938
|
267
|
580
|
6,785
|
3,848
|
470
|
43
|
4,361
|
11,146
|
|
2002
|
8,558
|
430
|
130
|
9,118
|
4,278
|
487
|
35
|
4,800
|
13,918
|
|
Average
|
4,765
|
275
|
153
|
5,201
|
3,209
|
898
|
28
|
4,132
|
9,333
|
|
Percent
|
51.06
|
2.95
|
1.64
|
55.73
|
34.38
|
9.62
|
0.3
|
44.27
|
100
|
Note: OBT: Otter board trawler, PT : Pair trawler Post Harvest Markets Shark products are mainly for local used, dried fins are exported to Singapore, China, Sri Lanka, and Hong Kong. During 2001-2004, Total amount of shark frozen flesh export from Thailand was 114,131 kg. This exported value was 1,671,851 Baht. All of shark frozen flesh was only export to Singapore. Fish Utilisation All parts of sharks are fully utilized. Commodities derive from shark fisheries are fresh meat, dry salted meat, fish ball, dried fins, fish meal (from head, skin and stomached), liver, and teeth. Management Management unit: No The Department of Fisheries, Thailand has implemented various regulations through the Fisheries Act of 1947, revised in 1953 and 1985. However, there are no existing management policies which concerning to shark, except a whale shark species ( Rhincodontypus). Thailand is now in the process of establishing National Plan of Action on Conservation and Management of Sharks, in line with the IPOA Sharks. Jurisdictional framework Management Body/Authority(ies): Department of Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives of Thailand Mandate: Management. Area of Competence: Thailand Maritime Area: Exclusive Economic Zone Areas (EEZ). More information on fisheries legislation at: FAOLEX legislative database Source of Information Information on shark fisheries in Thailand was collected under the one year study on shark fisheries in the ASEAN region, conducted by SEAFDEC in collaboration with eight Member Countries, namely Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam. The study aims to develop standard method for information collection on shark fisheries, to be further undertaken by each Member Countries, to support sustainable managment and utilization of sharks in the ASEAN region. For Thailand, the survey and data collection was undertaken by fisheries scientists and enumerators from three marine fisheries research and development centers: 1) the Upper Gulf Marine Fisheries Research and Development Center; 2) the Southern Marine Fisheries Research and Development Center; and 3) the Andaman Sea Marine Fisheries Research and Development Center. “Report of Shark Fisheries in Thailand” The Study on Conservation and Management of Shark Fishries in Southeast Asian Region SEAFDEC 2004  http://www.seafdec.org Bibliography “The marine Fisheries Statistics 2000 Base on the Sample survey. Technical Paper No.3/2003” Fisheries Economic Division. Department of Fisheries. Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives 2003. “The marine Fisheries Statistics 1999 Base on the Sample survey. Technical Paper No.3/2002” Fisheries Economic Division. Department of Fisheries. Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives 2002. “The marine Fisheries Statistics 1998 Base on the Sample survey. Technical Paper No.3/2001” Fisheries Economic Division. Department of Fisheries. Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives 2001. “The marine Fisheries Statistics 1997 Base on the Sample survey. Technical Paper No.3/2000” Fisheries Economic Division. Department of Fisheries. Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives 2000. “The marine Fisheries Statistics 1996 Base on the Sample survey. Technical Paper No.7/1999” Fisheries Economic Division. Department of Fisheries. Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives 1999. “The marine Fisheries Statistics 1995 Base on the Sample survey. Technical Paper No.16/1998” Fisheries Economic Division. Department of Fisheries. Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives 1998. |
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Chiloscyllium punctatum 
Chiloscyllium griseum 
Chiloscyllium indicum 
Chiloscyllium plagiosum 
Sphyrna lewini 
Alopias vulpinus 
Alopias pelagicus 
