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Fact Sheet Title Fact Sheet |
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European hake - Northern Alboran Sea |
Merluccius merluccius - Northern Alboran Sea (GSA 1) |
| Data Ownership | This document provided, maintained and owned by General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean (GFCM) , is part of GFCM Stock Status Reports data collection. |
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ident Block | ident Block | | Species List: | Species Ref: en - European hake, fr - Merlu européen, es - Merluza europea, ru - Мерлуза восточноатлантическая |
Fishery IndicatorsProduction: Catch |
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| ident Block European hake - Northern Alboran Sea
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gfcm Sub Area |
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1 | Northern Alboran Sea |
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Aq Res | Biological Stock: No
Value: Sub-Regional Management unit: Yes
Reference year: 2019
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Considered a management unit: An aquatic resource or fishery is
declared as [Fishery] Management Unit if it is
effectively the focus for the application of selected
management methods and measures, within the broader
framework of a management system. According to the FAO
Glossary for Responsible Fishing, "a Fishery Management
Unit (FMU) is a fishery or a portion of a fishery
identified in a Fishery Management Plan (FMP) relevant
to the FMP's management objectives." FMU's may be
organised around fisheries biological, geographic,
economic, technical, social or ecological dimensions ,
and the makeup and attribute of a fishery management
unit depends mainly on the FMP's management
objectives. |
Jurisdictional distribution: Jurisdictional qualifier (e.g.
"shared", "shared - highly migratory") of the aquatic
resource related with its spatial distribution. |
Environmental group: Classification of the aquatic
resource according to the environmental group (e.g.
pelagic invertebrate, or demersal fish) to which the
species belong. |
Reference Year: The Reference Year is the last year considered in the stock assessment and/or fishery status. |
| | | | Aq Res State Trend In overexploitation, with relatively low biomass. [The GFCM methodology to provide stock status and management advice is described in the Appendix F of the Sixteenth Session of the Scientific Advisory Committee Report. See the Bibliography section.] Habitat Bio Climatic Zone: Temperate. Bottom Type: Soft bottom; Hard bottom. Depth Zone: Shelf (50 m - 200 m); Slope (200 m - 1000 m). Horizontal Dist: Neritic. Vertical Dist: Demersal/Benthic. Water Area Overview Spatial Scale: Sub-Regional Water Area Overview | Water Area Overview European hake - Northern Alboran Sea
gfcm Sub Area | 1: Northern Alboran Sea |
| | | | Water Area Overview
| | | | Water Area Overview |
Water Area OverviewEuropean hake - Northern Alboran Sea Aq Res Struct Biological Stock: No Stock assessment in the GFCM area of application is often conducted by management units, based on GSAs. This method does not ensure that the whole stock is assessed, since stocks may cover several different management units. In some cases, when there is scientific evidence of a stock spreading through different GSAs, as well as information on species from different GSAs, existing information is combined across GSAs. This is then defined as a “joint stock assessment of a shared stock”. The GFCM recommends that when scientific evidence of shared stocks exists, joint stock assessments should be attempted. A number of activities aimed at achieving a better definition of stock boundaries are currently being conducted at the GFCM level. [The State of Mediterranean and Black Sea Fisheries, 2016] Exploit European hake is one of the target demersal species of the Mediterranean fishing fleets, largely exploited in GSA 1 mainly by trawlers (91 percent landings) on the shelf and slope, and by small-scale fisheries using gillnets (6 percent) and longlines (3 percent) on the shelf (average 2017-2019). The trawling fleet in the GSA 1 area is made up of 120 boats (2019), averaging 35 gross registered tonnage (GRT) and 176 horse power (HP). Catches of European hake show a decreasing trend from 2012 to 2017, with a slight increase in 2018. In the last year there has been a decrease to 274 tonnes (average 2017-2019: 336 tonnes). Fishery Indicators Type | Measure | Value | Unit | Time period |
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Production | Catch | 289.7 | tonnes | 2019 | Catch | 409.7 | tonnes | 2018 | Catch | 299 | tonnes | 2017 | Catch | 175.8 | tonnes | 2016 | Catch | 183.4 | tonnes | 2015 | Catch | 282.5 | tonnes | 2014 | Catch | 374.4 | tonnes | 2013 | Catch | 461 | tonnes | 2012 | Catch | 683 | tonnes | 2011 | Catch | 576.3 | tonnes | 2010 | Catch | 619.2 | tonnes | 2009 | Catch | 330.5 | tonnes | 2008 | Catch | 340.4 | tonnes | 2007 | Catch | 384.7 | tonnes | 2006 | Catch | 359.4 | tonnes | 2005 | Catch | 503.4 | tonnes | 2004 | Catch | 397.5 | tonnes | 2003 | Catch | 496 | tonnes | 2002 |
Bio Assess Complimentary advice. The basis for advice is a joint assessment of GSAs 1, 5, 6, 7. Data The assessment was carried out using official landings and data on the size composition of trawl catches for the years 2003-2019. Catch-at-length data were converted into catch-at-age data by cohort slicing procedures. Length-weight relationship and maturity ogive comes from Spanish DCF. Assess Models Type: Age-structured XSA The state of exploitation of this stock was assessed by means of virtual population analysis (VPA) XSA (Shepherd, 1999). The software used was the Lowestoft suite (Darby and Flatman, 1994) and FLR. The XSA tuning was performed using abundance index series from the Mediterranean International Trawl Survey (MEDITS). Yield-per-recruit (Y/R) analyses was conducted based on the exploitation pattern resulting from XSA model and population parameters. Results Catches and SSB of European hake show a decreasing trend from 2012 to 2017, with a slight increase in 2018. R showed fluctuations over the series and steep decline in recent years. F bar(0-2) in recent years fluctuates around values close to 1.2. Sci Advice Reduce fishing mortality. Management Management unit: Yes Sources FAO. 2021. General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean. Report of the twenty-second session of the Scientific Advisory Committee on Fisheries, online, 22–25 June 2021. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Report No. 1347. Rome. https://www.fao.org/3/cb7622en/cb7622en.pdfReport of the Working Group on Stock Assessment of Demersal Species (WGSAD). Online, 18–23 January 2021. https://www.fao.org/gfcm/technical-meetings/detail/en/c/1412431/ Bibliography FAO. 2020. The State of Mediterranean and Black Sea Fisheries 2020. General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean. Rome. https://www.fao.org/3/cb2427en/cb2427en.pdfFAO. 2016. The State of Mediterranean and Black Sea Fisheries. General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean. Rome, Italy. https://www.fao.org/3/i5496e/i5496e.pdfFAO General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean/Commission générale des pêches pour la Méditerranée. Report of the sixteenth session of the Scientific Advisory Committee. St. Julian’s, Malta, 17–20 March 2014/Rapport de la seizième session du Comité scientifique consultatif. Saint Julien, Malte, Malte, 17-20 mars 2014. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Report/FAO Rapport sur les pêches et l’aquaculture. No. R1102. Rome. 2015. 250 pp. https://www.fao.org/3/i4381b/i4381b.pdf |
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