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Fact Sheet Title Fact Sheet |
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Atlantic Cod - Flemish Cap |
| Data Ownership | This document provided, maintained and owned by Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization (NAFO) , is part of NAFO Summary Sheets data collection. |
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ident Block | ident Block | | Species List: | Species Ref: en - Atlantic cod, fr - Morue de l'Atlantique, es - Bacalao del Atlántico, zh - 大西洋鳕, ru - Треска атлантическая |
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| ident Block Atlantic Cod - Flemish Cap
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fao Div |
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21.3.M | Atlantic, Northwest / 21.3.M |
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Aq Res | Biological Stock: Yes
Value: Regional Management unit: Yes
Reference year: 2021
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Considered a management unit: An aquatic resource or fishery is
declared as [Fishery] Management Unit if it is
effectively the focus for the application of selected
management methods and measures, within the broader
framework of a management system. According to the FAO
Glossary for Responsible Fishing, "a Fishery Management
Unit (FMU) is a fishery or a portion of a fishery
identified in a Fishery Management Plan (FMP) relevant
to the FMP's management objectives." FMU's may be
organised around fisheries biological, geographic,
economic, technical, social or ecological dimensions ,
and the makeup and attribute of a fishery management
unit depends mainly on the FMP's management
objectives. |
Jurisdictional distribution: Jurisdictional qualifier (e.g.
"shared", "shared - highly migratory") of the aquatic
resource related with its spatial distribution. |
Environmental group: Classification of the aquatic
resource according to the environmental group (e.g.
pelagic invertebrate, or demersal fish) to which the
species belong. |
Reference Year: The Reference Year is the last year considered in the stock assessment and/or fishery status. |
| | | | Aq Res State Trend SSB has been declining rapidly since 2017 but is still estimated to be above Blim (median 15 037 t). The 2021 estimated recruitment showed a positive signal after a period of lower recruitment. Fishing mortality has remained below Flim (median 0.166) since the fishery reopened in 2010. Habitat Bio Climatic Zone: Temperate. Bottom Type: Unspecified. Depth Zone: Slope - Deepslope (500 m - 1000 m). Horizontal Dist: Oceanic. Vertical Dist: Demersal/Benthic. Geo Dist Geo Dist: High Seas Purely Water Area Overview | Water Area Overview Atlantic Cod - Flemish Cap
fao Div | 21.3.M: Atlantic, Northwest / 21.3.M |
| | | | Water Area Overview |
Water Area OverviewAtlantic Cod - Flemish Cap Aq Res Struct Biological Stock: Yes Exploit Cod is caught in directed trawl and longline fisheries and as bycatch in the directed redfish fishery by trawlers. The fishery is regulated by quota. New technical regulations were introduced in 2021, in particular a closure of the directed fishery in the first quarter as well as sorting grids to protect juveniles. Recent catch estimates and TACs (000 t) are as follows: Effects of the fishery on the ecosystemThe impact of bottom fishing activities on major VMEs in the NRA was last assessed in 2021. The risk of Significant Adverse Impacts (SAIs) on sponge and large gorgonian VMEs was assessed to be low, while this risk for sea pen VMEs has been assessed as intermediate. The risks of SAIs on small gorgonian, black coral, bryozoan and sea squirt VMEs were assessed as high. A number of areas in the Flemish Cap (3M) EPU have been closed to fishing to protect VMEs. Bio Assess Results Ref Point
Blim = SSB2007 |
Median = 15 037 tonnes of spawning biomass (Scientific Council, 2022). |
Flim = F30%SPR |
Median = 0.166 (Scientific Council, 2022) |
Projection Although advice is given only for 2023, projection results are shown to 2025 to illustrate the medium-term implications. Fbar is the mean of the F at ages 3-5 and used as the indicator of overall fishing mortality; Fsq is the status quo F, calculated as the mean of the last three years Fbar (2019-2021) The results indicate that under all scenarios with Fbar>0, total biomass during the projected years will decrease, whereas the SSB is projected to increase slightly in 2025 except in all scenarios with F≥2/3 Flim (Table 1). The probability of SSB being below Blim in 2024 is low (≤3%) in all the scenarios (Table 2). The probability of SSB in 2025 being above that in 2022 ranges between 9% and 100%, depending on the scenario. Under all scenarios, the probability of Fbar exceeding Flim is less than or equal to 3% in 2023 and 2024 except for Flim as expected. SC notes that projected values of risk, in particular more than one year ahead (Table 2), will be inherently more uncertain than the projected median stock sizes (Table 1). The risks are typically derived from the tails of a probability distribution which are less precisely estimated compared to the median (centre) of the same distribution. Assess Models Analytical assessment Results A Bayesian SCAA model, introduced at the 2018 benchmark, was used as the basis for the assessment of this stock with data from 1988 to 2021. The next full assessment for this stock will be in 2023. Fishing MortalityRecruitmentBiomassHuman impactMainly fishery related mortality. Other sources (e.g. pollution, shipping, oil-industry) are undocumented. Biological and environmental interactionsRedfish, shrimp and smaller cod are important prey items for cod. Recent studies indicate strong trophic interactions between these species in the Flemish Cap. A 2018 summary of the state of the fish community in the Flemish Cap (3M) EPU indicated that this ecosystem has not experienced sustained reductions in overall productivity observed in other EPUs. With the exception of a short-lived increase in 2005-2009, total biomass has remained fairly stable over time despite the changes in individual stocks. Management Management unit: Yes Advice Recommendation for 2023Yield corresponding to F less than or equal to 3/4 Flim in 2023 results in a very low probability (≤10%) of SSB being below Blim in 2024 and a very low probability (≤10%) of exceeding Flim. However, given the present level of the SSB and projected decline of total biomass under any fishing scenario, in order to promote growth in SSB with more than 60% probability, SC advises scenarios with F no more than Fsq. Objectives No explicit management plan or management objectives have been defined by the Commission. Convention General Principles are applied (NAFO GC Doc. 07-04). Stock definition for management purposesThe cod stock in Flemish Cap (NAFO Div. 3M) is considered to be a separate population. Sources Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization (NAFO) Scientific Council Documents SCS Doc. 22/06, 22/07, 22/08, 22/13 and SCR Doc. 22/04, 22/12, 22/25. https://www.nafo.int/Library/Science/SC-DocumentsNorthwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization (NAFO). 2022. Report of the Scientific Council Meeting, 03 – 16 June, 2022. NAFO SCS Doc. 22/18. https://www.nafo.int/Portals/0/PDFs/sc/2022/scs22-18.pdfNorthwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization (NAFO). 2008. Resolution on the Interpretation and Implementation of the Convention on the Future Multilateral Cooperation in the Northwest Atlantic Fisheries. 30th Annual Meeting – September 2008. NAFO/GC Doc. 08/3. http://archive.nafo.int/open/gc/2008/gcdoc08-03.pdf |
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